JDBC™ 4.0 Specification

The JDBCTM API provides programmatic access to relational data from the JavaTM programming language. Using the JDBC API, applications written in the Java programming language can execute SQL statements, retrieve results, and propagate changes back to an underlying data source. The JDBC API can also be used to interact with multiple data sources in a distributed, heterogeneous environment.
The JDBC API is based on the X/Open SQL CLI, which is also the basis for ODBC. JDBC provides a natural and easy-to-use mapping from the Java programming language to the abstractions and concepts defined in the X/Open CLI and SQL standards.
Since its introduction in January 1997, the JDBC API has become widely accepted and implemented. The flexibility of the API allows for a broad range of implementations.